Convert Gigapascal to Feet of water (GPa to ftH2O)

Pressure is the force applied perpendicular to a surface per unit area: P = F / A. The SI unit is the pascal (Pa), equal to one newton per square metre (1 Pa = 1 N/m²). Practical applications use larger units: the bar (1 bar = 100,000 Pa, close to standard atmospheric pressure), atmosphere (atm) (1 atm = 101,325 Pa), and psi (pounds per square inch, used in the US for tire and gas pressures). Blood pressure is measured in mmHg (millimetres of mercury), also called torr.

The gigapascal (symbol: GPa) is an SI-derived unit of pressure equal to one billion (10⁹) pascals. It is widely used in material science, structural engineering, mechanical engineering, and geology to express very high pressures and the elastic modulus of materials. The gigapascal uses the SI prefix giga, representing a factor of one billion.

One gigapascal is equal to 1,000,000,000 pascals, 1,000 megapascals, 1,000,000 kilopascals, 10,000 bars, and 145,037.738 pounds per square inch. The gigapascal is the standard unit for reporting the strength and stiffness of engineering materials.

The foot of water (symbol: ftH₂O or ftH2O) is a non-SI unit of pressure based on the pressure exerted by a one-foot column of water under standard gravity. It is commonly used in plumbing, HVAC systems, fluid mechanics, and water distribution networks to measure relatively low pressures. Although the pascal is the SI unit of pressure, the foot of water remains widely used in engineering applications involving liquids. More information can be found in the water column reference.

One foot of water is equal to 2,989.07 pascals, 12 inches of water, 0.0298907 bar, 0.433527 psi, and 0.029503 standard atmosphere. The foot of water is widely used for measuring hydrostatic and fluid system pressures.